Substances: structure, properties and uses

• Familiar objects to explore:

toys, musical instruments, clothing, classroom items, simple household items
• Variety of everyday substances from a range of places, home, school, outdoors, workshops, gardens
• Containers to hold the substances as they are sorted
• Dirty plates and cups
• Small pieces of different coloured and scented soaps
• Small pieces of fabric, old hankies, cut up tea towels with stains for children to clean
• Variety of soaps, soap powders and liquids
• Variety of dish washing liquids

Chemical reactions

• A range of substances including:

foods, plants, fabrics, metals, plastics and wood (see Substances: Structure, properties and uses units)
• Sliced bread
• Water and washing powder in containers (or dish washing liquid and soap)
• Egg whites for pavlovas (optional)
• Heating substances: uncooked popcorn, candles, bread slices, saucepan and oil for cooking popcorn
• Materials to leave in the sun:

icy-poles, apple, tomato, glass, chocolate, coloured tissue paper, aluminium foil
• Cooing substances: cream, milk, ice-cubes
• Popcorn maker (optional)
• Candle-holders, cooking trays covered with foil
• Toaster
• Butcher’s paper (newsprint)
• Water based paints
• Different glues:

PVA, Clag, glue sticks, contact adhesive, home-made glue
• Small squares of paper
• A variety of substances to be glued and painted to create artwork
• Ingredients to cook biscuits, pancakes and/or mini-pizzas.

Living together: past, present and future

• Collection of living and non-living things found in the school environment
• Environment for a familiar living thing:

goldfish, yabbies, worms, slaters, ants, mice, chickens, birds, puppies, kittens, guinea pigs
• Plants in pots
• Jars and containers to keep living things in
• Paper plates, magazines for cutting out
• Pictures of a variety of homes on cards
• Materials to build a bedroom: clay, Playdough, cardboard boxes, milk cartons, icy-pole sticks, fabric scraps, matchboxes, LEGO blocks, etc.
• Pictures of six to eight familiar animals on cards, covering a range of species such as birds, fish, wild animals, domestic animals
• ‘Same’ and ‘Different’ cards
• Magazines
• Environment for living things
• Magnifying glasses to view small creatures
• Resource books on animals
• Stories about growing seeds
• Growing plants: seeds or seedlings, cream container, cut-off milk carton or drink bottle, soil or potting mix, ice-cream container, plastic cup
• Rocks, twigs, seedlings, seeds, cuttings from plants, plastic straws, icy-pole sticks, buttons, lollies
• Ruler, string, wool
• Stories about animals

Structure and function

• Body parts of humans: dolls, LEGO people, jigsaws about people, fuzzy felt people
• Plant parts: variety of plants, including flowering plants, vegetables and fruits, flowers or plants to pull apart (one per student)
• Feely boxes (one for every five students)
• Mystery objects from plants: orange peel, flowers, pieces of fruit, seeds, furry leaves, pine cones
• Mystery objects from animals: feathers, wool, bones, animal fur, sea shell, egg shell

Electricity

• Power point mounted on a board
• Electricity plugs (not connected to power)
• Toaster, electric frying pan to observe changes in heat
• Collection of things that use batteries
• Collection of different batteries
• Pictures of appliances: magazines and appliance store catalogues
• Materials to make an electrical appliance:

cardboard boxes, materials to simulate dials, buttons and switches

Light

• Items that create light
• Candles of various shapes and sizes—holders and trays to support them
• Matches
• Mirrors
• Torches
• Table lamp
• Chalk, crayons, large sheets of paper
• Stories about the dark
• Torch or lamp to create shadows

Sound

• Percussion instruments, wooden blocks, bells, sticks, shakers
• A class set of simple musical instruments

Magnetism

• Magnetic toys:

jigsaw puzzles, magnetic letter boards, magnetic marbles, Magna Doodles, magnetic train sets, magnetic building sets
• Making fridge magnets:

button magnets, cardboard, plaster
• Magnets of different sizes and strengths

Force and movement

• Toys that can move
• Making a toy that can move: cardboard rolls, LEGO blocks, wheels and other materials.
• Animal names and pictures on cards
• Materials to make playground equipment: straws, cardboard, pipe cleaners, skewers, Blu-Tack, tape, cotton reels, icy-pole sticks, LEGO or Plasticine person for testing
• Materials to make a boat
• Materials to test for floating and sinking:

Plasticine, aluminium foil, fruit and vegetables, string, fabrics, paper clips, candle-wax, wood
• Supermarket bags
• String
• Newspaper
• Materials to make parachutes: squares of tissue paper (one per student), sewing cotton, LEGO blocks
• Paper to make paper planes and helicopters.

The changing Earth

• Coat hangers and cardboard shapes for dressing up
• Dress-up box
• Dress-up doll with clothing
• Clothing catalogues
• Magazines to cut up
• Story books about the weather
• Books about the seasons

Our place in space

• Cards with pictures of day and night activities
• Materials for a wall mural
• Paper for a class collage
• Materials to decorate the room: black paper, black paint, silver paper, coloured cellophane, gold or orange paper
• Shadow stick: pencil and Plasticine or dowel and wood
• Moons: white or yellow card, string and cardboard for labels
• Torch
• Star patterns: polystyrene cup for each student, nail, or pin, torches, black and white paper
• Illustration of the Southern Cross (Australian Flag)

Substances: structure, properties and uses

• Substances for display: plastic, metal, glass, wool, leather, wood, string, paper, rubber, fur, feathers, china
• Student collections: rocks, twigs, lunch wrap, pencils, buttons, seeds, leaves, branches, flowers, soil, sand
• A variety of forms of one substance:

paper, tissue, wrapping, cardboard, poster, brown, white, coloured, writing, computer, tracing, paper towelling, lunch paper, newspaper, magazine, glossy, waxed, thick, thin
• Substances for comparison:
  paper towelling, adhesives, sticky tape, plastic wrap, erasers, rubber balls, chocolate, writing substances
• A variety of containers:
  shoe boxes, paper bags, bowls, toys, buckets, chip packets, matchboxes, plastic bags, drink containers, fruit juice containers (Tetra Briks), milk cartons
• A waterproof container:
  A4 sheet of paper, crayon, PVA glue, water resistant paint, waterproof substances
• Collection of different packages
• Gluing substances: foil, wood, icy-pole sticks, metal, cardboard of different thicknesses, paper, plastic, straws, fabric
• Glues:
  glue sticks, Clag, contact adhesive, PVA glue, Tarzan’s Grip, other safe glues.

Chemical reactions

• Changing substances:
  nails, leaves, apples (or fruit of any kind), paper, plastic, sewing materials, flour, twigs, Plasticine
• Mixing substances:
  plaster of Paris, papier mâché, Puffy Paint, bicarbonate of soda, sugar, cornflour or custard powder, milk, hotplates, saucepans, spoons, containers for cooking.
• Containers for dissolving
• Jelly, ice-cream, chocolate, ice cubes, butter, cheese, copha
• Patty pans, foil, bowls
• Soluble and non soluble substances: sugar, gelatine, flour, salt, caster sugar, sand, bath crystals, ground pepper, pure soap powder, fruit saline, jelly crystals, plastic cups or small, icy pole sticks, glass jars with lids.

Living together: past, present and future

• Cards with pictures of animals and their home for concentration game
• Cut-out pictures, photos, drawings, paintings for a class collage
• Pictures of animal families
• Documentary on animals
• Posters or pictures that show a baby animal from birth
• Cut out pictures of animals that people keep as pets
• Pictures or books showing animal families
• Small animal to care for in the classroom if appropriate
• Pictures of animal habitats
• Cards with the words ‘animal’ and ‘plant’
• Magazine pictures for a wall chart
• Pictures of the life cycles of animals and plants.

Structure and function

• Pictures of animals and plants on cards to cut into ‘sections’
• Big picture of a plant that clearly shows its parts
• Weeds that have been removed from the garden with their roots intact
• Resources, posters, books or CD-ROMs about plants
• Carrot or other root vegetable
• Long stemmed white flowers, three tall clear containers or bottles, food colouring such as cochineal
• A stem collection of plants in the local environment
• What seedlings need to grow: seedlings, glass jar with a screw-top lid, black plastic bag
• Leaf collection
• Microscope or magnifying glass
• A range of different flowers
• Melbourne Zoo surprise pack
• Books, posters, slides showing the coverings of animals
• Animal cards for sorting into groups (commercial cards are available)
• Feather collection
• Making tracks: kitchen sponges, polystyrene sheet, stencils, potatoes, other art materials that can be used for printing. Paint for printing. Sand or clay to make impressions
• Materials to create posters
• Coloured pictures of animals that are patterned and coloured.

Electricity

• A range of different batteries—car batteries, rechargeable batteries, watch batteries, heavy duty lantern batteries, AA, AAA, C, D, 9 volt
• Objects that use batteries:
• watch, torch, radio, toys, clock, camera, remote control unit.
• Materials to make an electrical circuit (one set per child):
  two lengths of electrical wire with 2 cm of plastic coating stripped from each end, a low-voltage globe, a battery
• A torch with batteries.

Light

• Class set of torches (one between two)
• Black plastic, rubber bands
• Mirrors
• Materials to make a periscope:
  milk cartons, small make-up mirrors—two per periscope, Stanley knife or razor blade, quantity of Blu-Tack or Plasticine
• What can light travel through?:
  clear glass, frosted glass, coloured glass, tissue paper, wood, brick, water, cardboard, fabrics, plastic sandwich wrap, black plastic, green plastic, plastic carry bags, padded postage bag, coloured cellophane.

Sound

• Class set of musical instruments
• Glass bottles (8)
• Metal spoons
• Wire coat hanger
• Polystyrene cups
• Assortment of metal cutlery
• String
• Sound bouncers: plastic, polystyrene foam, fabric, sponge, metal
• Sound makers:
  class set of buzzers or bells with consistent volume
• Sound travels:
  cardboard tubes, flat piece of wood, paper bag
• Things to make sound:
  bell, buzzer, watch, metronome, alarm clock, carrot, apple, potato crisps, squeaky toy
• Steel buckets to reflect sound.

Magnetism

• A range of different shaped magnets - button bar, ring, horseshoe
• A range of magnets of different strengths
• Magnetic materials: paper clips, pins, safety pins, small nails, wire
• Non-magnetic materials: paper, wood, rubber, string, feathers, paper, aluminium, plastic, balloons
• Magnet games: shoe box lids, match boxes, LEGO blocks and wheels, toy vehicles, button magnets
• Materials to test: wool, synthetic fabric, paper, cotton wool balls, plastic, fur, cotton fabric
• Patterns with magnets: A3 paper, iron filings, sugar or salt shaker, plastic wrap.

Force and movement

• Objects that can be pushed, pulled, twisted and squeezed
• Toy windmill or spinning top
• Pinwheels:
  two-sided coloured kindergarten squares, pins, drawing pins, or split pins, cork, small pieces of wood, cardboard, dowel or pencils
• Making things roll:
  a ramp, wooden blocks, balls, marbles, cotton reels, cars, playdough, orange, eraser, plastic wheels, paper
• Things for floating: Plasticine balls, aluminium foil, fruits and vegetables, string, fabric, tennis ball, cricket ball, golf ball, ping pong ball, apple, orange,containers for water
• Making things sink: Aluminium foil, metal bolts
• Air powered boats: milk carton, balloon, large toddler swimming pool.

The changing Earth

• Cloud chart: pictures of different types of clouds, cardboard circle, split pin, cardboard arrows
• Copy of a large calendar page for each student
• Year mobile:
  cardboard, string, sheets with month names, scissors
• Tree:
  cardboard, Blu-Tack, cut out features of a tree
• Flower, leaf, seed collections
• Rock collection:
  rocks, coloured cardboard, sticky tape, glue, Blu-Tack
• Containers to collect rocks
• Jars
• Collection of different soils in jars
• Disposable gloves
• Garden tools for collecting soil
• Containers to hold soil and rocks
• Press seal bags
• Plastic wall thermometers
• Poems or stories about the wind
• Pictures of devices to measure the wind (anemometers)
• Wind detectors:
  class set of wire coat-hangers, six materials of different weights cut into even sized pieces, string, wool, dowel (optional)
• Kettle, glass sheet or plate
• Measuring rain: containers to measure rain, rulers, commercial rain gauge (optional)
• Plant growth chart.

Our place in space

• Pictures of day and night
• Model of the Earth or globe
• Simple cardboard frames
• Pictures and posters of the moon
• Audio cassette player and cassettes
• Materials to make a chart of the phases of the moon
• Phases of the moon:
  balloon, polystyrene ball, string, torch or light source
• Coloured chalk.

• Large sheets of paper and plastic
• Books and posters to show simple illustrations of the internal features of the body
• Labels: brain, heart, lungs, stomach, intestines
• Transparent anatomical mannequins
• Investigating animals’ internal organs research: books, posters, diagrams
• Models of the human body
• Display a range of plants
• Plant system investigation: books, posters, diagrams
• Digestive system investigation: books, posters, diagrams
• Stop watches, watches or clocks
• Balloons
• Asthma measure—peak flow meter
• Television program outlines, newspaper, magazine and Internet articles about modern medical techniques related to the body’s systems
• Breathing system investigation: books, posters, diagrams
• Investigating animals’ breathing systems research: books, posters, diagrams of penguins, frogs, fish
• Posters, pictures or photographs of vertebrates and invertebrates
• Remains of crustaceans, shells or skeletons
• Model skeletons
• Cooked, unstuffed chicken (or fish)
• X-rays
• Model skeleton: stiff card, split pins, straws, spaghetti, string.

• Collection of different shaped solids: bricks, rulers, chocolate, salt crystals, rocks
• Collection of liquids: sauce, cream, cordial, milk, cooking oil, honey, dishwashing liquid, treacle, syrup, lemonade
• Collection of gases: balloon filled with air, bowl of hot liquid (steam), lit candle, bicycle pump, non-aerosol cans, soda water
• Pictures of solids, liquids and gases to cut out
• Collection of natural and processed materials: wood, metal, cloth, paper, glass, rubber, clay, rock, plastic, plant parts
• Magnifying glasses
• Microscopes or video-flex cameras
• Cloth bags or pillow slips
• Crayons
• Range of clear plastic containers
• Cooking trays or laminated cutting boards
• Eye droppers or dropping pipettes
• Food colouring
• Press-seal bags
• Investigating density: jars, glycerine, water, oil
• Salad dressing: small clean jars with lids, oil, vinegar, herbs
• Making gases: bottles, balloons or small bags, bicarbonate of soda, vinegar, yeast, sugar, warm water
• Eucalyptus oil
• Mixing bowls, spoons, measuring cups
• Rubber gloves
• Mixtures: cornflour, food colouring
• Slime: borax, inexpensive brand of PVA glue.

• Cards with features of the surface of the earth
• Aerial photographs of the earth
• Photographs of weathering
• Posters or pictures of landscapes that demonstrate weathering: valleys, sand dunes
• Posters or pictures of occurrences that change the earth: wind storms, landslides, earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, glaciers, ice melting
• Posters of the soil cycle, LandCare and farm management
• Pictures of erosion caused by human impact
• Natural disasters research: posters, big books, stories, books, videos, computer software, magazines, newspaper clippings
• Samples of materials that are both weathered and unweathered: glass, wood, shells, soil, coarse sand, fine sand, rock of the kind the soil and sand came from
• Creating erosion: sand, hand-held fan, cardboard, watering can
• Preventing erosion: shoe boxes, milk cartons, ice-cream containers, leaves, grass clippings, twigs, glass jars, dishes, grass seeds, alfalfa seeds
• Clay
• Masking tape
• Hose
• Jars of different soils
• Microscopes.

• Map of the world
• Globe on a stand
• Earth model: foam balls, skewers or knitting needles, Texta pens, mathematical compass, template of the angle of the tilt of the earth, polystyrene foam pieces, Plasticine
• Movement of the earth demonstration:
  blackboard chalk, cardboard circle, or ball, torch
• Newspaper cuttings indicating daylight hours
• Paper strips, rulers and Blu-tack
• Pictures of different seasons
• Map showing the weather zones
• Posters of countries in various weather zones
• Calendars showing seasons
• Clocks and timers
• Electronic organisers or telephone books to indicate time zones
• Light source—lamp or overhead projector
• Posters of constellations
• Representing constellations: black paper, luminous paint, glitter
• Telescope
• Earth facts research: posters, big books, computer software, magazines, newspapers.

• Books or posters showing different types of energy
• Different types of batteries: car, rechargeable, watch, heavy duty, lantern
• Appliances that use batteries
• Posters to illustrate the inside of batteries
• Electrical appliance catalogues
• Old electrical appliances that no longer work and have their cords removed: toaster, hot plate, kettle, electric blanket, heater, hair drier, sandwich toaster, milkshake maker, egg beater, blender, food processor, transistor radio, portable cassette player
• Different types of light globes
• Torches
• Making simple circuits: electrical wire, low-voltage globes, batteries
• Role-playing circuits: crawling tube, table, sheet, rope, container with beads, bell, chair
• String or coloured wool
• Glass of water
• Observing vibrations: small tin can, balloon, tape or rubber band, plastic mirror, scissors
• Oscilloscope
• Devices that make sound: compact disc, CD player, radio cassette player, musical instruments, percussion instruments, telephone
• Poster of things that make sound: explosions, fireworks, machinery, ultrasound, sonar
• Books or posters about the sun as a major source of light
• Solar panels, solar powered calculators and watches
• Solar experiment: pieces of tubing, timers, thermometers, plastic wrap, measuring cup, deep dish, small weight, water
• Things that move: wind-up toys, pop-up toys, spinning tops, clocks, egg beater, Jack-in-the-box
• Old toys: self propelled or driven using motors, belts, springs, levers and gears
• Rubber band rollers: rubber bands, cotton reels, matchsticks, Plasticine or Blu-Tack, pencils
• Simple boats: flat polystyrene foam or scraps of wood, ice-cream containers, rubber bands
• Jack or Jill-in-the-box: ready-made boxes or small tin cans or film canisters, stiff cardboard, stiff plastic or old springs.

• Objects to push, pull, twist and squeeze: toys, rubber ball, twist-top jars, squeeze bottles, push-on lids, bicycle pump
• Heavy book box or suitcase
• Trolley or old pram
• Wheels: cardboard rolls, wooden or cardboard circles, plastic wheels and axels
• Launching pads: flat base of wood, pieces of wood, rubber bands, nails, small toy vehicle
• Motion data logger
• Parachutes: string, garbage bags or supermarket bags, Plasticine, small weights
• Stop watches
• Kitchen or bathroom scales
• Clay, plasticine, scone dough, bread dough or sand
• Changing directions: string, small cylindrical object, four pieces of stiff card, round plastic table napkin holder or plastic bottle neck, hole puncher
• Posters that feature work air does: hot air balloons, moving windmills, inflating tyres
• Posters of streamlined objects: wind deflectors on trucks, cycling helmets, cars
• Different types of pumps: balloon, foot, bicycle
• Drink bottle with five or six hole drilled or punched down the side
• Water toys: 'squeezy' bottles, spray bottles, squirting toys
• Posters of water wheels, waterfalls, dams, fire hydrants, fire hoses, a car wash
• Garden hose or watering can
• Water wheels: LEGO Technic 1, plastic containers, corks, plasticine, pencils, coat hangers
• Pneumatic systems: LEGO Dacta or plastic tubing, syringes, plastic valves, joiners
• Baby baths or water troughs
• Materials that will float and sink
• Ping pong balls, small rubber balls, basketballs
• Kickboards
• Large rubbish bins
• Spring balances
• Bags of lemons, coins or marbles
• Electric fans
• Simple boats: cardboard boxes, plastic food containers, plastic biscuit trays, polystyrene trays, fabrics, skewers, straws and materials to join things with
• Strong bar magnets
• Horseshoe magnets
• Steel
• Aluminium foil
• Non-magnetic materials: wood, glass, paper, cardboard, plastic, polystyrene food trays, leather, leaves
• Small magnetic objects: paper clips, pins, safety pins, small nails
• Magna Trix
• Cardboard cut-outs of horses.

• Collection of plant and animal pictures (herbivores, carnivores and omnivores)
• Collection of decomposer pictures (maggots, worms, bacteria, fungi)
• Food chains: identification charts and posters
• Coloured wool or string
• Pictures, posters and diagrams of food chains
• Classroom habitats: bug box, plastic aquarium
• Living things, such as: moths, flies, grasshoppers, spiders, grass, yabbies, mosquitoes, fish, worms, larvae, nymphs, mud-eyes
• Pictures of various habitats: forest, desert, pond, sea
• Whistles or bells
• Safety pins
• Stop watch, clock or watch
• Pictures of plants and animals from a chosen food chain
• Animals’ senses research: books, posters, videos, Internet, CD-ROMs
• Migratory and nocturnal animal research: books, posters, videos, Internet, CD-ROMs
• Sound and sonar research: books, posters, videos, Internet, CD-ROMs about bats, whales and dolphins, elephants, platypus
• Chemical communication research project: books, posters, videos, Internet, CD-ROMs about animals using chemicals to attract and warn other animals
• Animal enclosure research project: books, posters, videos, Internet, CD-ROMs
• Dictionaries.
• Ant colonies - commercially produced
• Animal groups research project: books, posters, videos, Internet, CD-ROMs about dolphins, penguins, bees, fish, seals, lions, meerkats, baboons, ants, vampire bats
• Threats to habitats research: books, posters, videos, Internet, CD-ROMs, environmental groups or associations
• Introduced species identification charts
• Controlling pests information sheets and pamphlets.

• Pictures or poster of a variety of internal and external skeletons
• X-rays of skeletons
• Diagram of a skeleton with the correct names for parts of the skeleton
• Pictures or posters of invertebrates
• Model of a skeleton
• Bathroom scales
• Diagram of the muscular system with the correct names for muscles
• Model of an arm: wood, stiff cardboard, paper tubing, plywood cut-outs, nuts, bolts, elastic, rubber bands, balloons, split pins, hole punchers
• Model or diagram of the heart
• Stethoscopes
• Making a model heart: modelling clay, foam sponge, playdough, Plasticine, plastic tubing, straws, polystyrene
• Plastic buckets
• Red food dye
• Tennis balls
• Heart transplants and pacemakers research project: books, posters, videos, Internet, CD-ROMs
• Blood fact sheets (research): books, posters, videos, Internet, CD-ROMs
• Jars
• Weeding forks
• Celery sticks
• Diagram of a cross section of a tree trunk
• Collection of different types of leaves
• Freezer bags with ties.
• Measuring containers (with 5mL incremental marks)
• Diagram of the respiratory system with the correct names for the parts
• Respiratory system research project: books, posters, videos, Internet, CD-ROMs
• Testing lung capacity: measuring tapes, balloons, 2L glass jars or bottles, measuring cups, trough or baby’s bath, rubber tubing
• Calculators
• Making a model of the respiratory system: plastic bottles, tubing, T-piece tube joiner, balloons, drill
• Newspaper articles about heart disease
• Poster or diagram of a plant’s reproductive parts
• Collection of different types of flowering plants
• Variety of seeds
• Cotton wool
• Saucers or plastic container lids
• Microscopes
• Egg laying animals: budgerigars, guppies or butterflies
• Animal reproduction case studies: books, posters, videos, Internet, CD-ROMs.

• Substances for display: objects made from metal, glass, wood, china and plastic
• Building materials for display: bricks, roofing tiles, ceramic tiles, PVC piping, plaster, pipes, glass, timber
• Large sheets of paper
• Mugs: different materials (ceramic, polystyrene), different thicknesses (thick and thin) and different shapes
• Thermoses
• Thermometers
• Data loggers with temperature probes
• Kitchen utensils made from different substances (wooden spoons, metal spoon, plastic spatulars)
• Metal strips: copper, aluminium, brass, steel
• Candle wax
• Paperclips
• Pegs, laboratory tongs or G clamps
• Posters and pamphlets about housing insulation
• Pieces of fabric (various types)
• Coloured paper squares
• Buckets or boxes
• Woollen fabric
• Newspaper
• Black paper
• Aluminium foil
• Block of chocolate or chocolate biscuits
• Small tins (baby food)
• Large tins (soup)
• Items used to insulate food: plastic food containers, polystyrene cups, insulated cups, foam eskies, plastic eskies, ice packs, insulated shopping bags, newspaper, aluminium foil, tea towel, tea cosy, foil food containers, wine coolers, BYO bags, ice buckets
• Posters showing how fuels are used around the home
• Fuels: wood, cardboard, briquettes
• Billies
• Adhesives: wall paper paste, PVA, Weldbond, Readypaste, clag
• Materials to fasten: tissue paper, crepe paper, newspaper, cardboard
• Post-it notes
• Iron filings
• Specks of gold.

• Electrical appliances: kettles, toasters, food processor, frying pans or portable stoves
• Kitchen equipment: kitchen scales, saucepans, mixing spoons and measuring cups and spoons
• Jars, containers, large and shallow bowls
• Chocolate
• Sugar
• Peanuts (unsalted)
• Sand
• Salt water
• Dirty water
• Chemicals: sodium chloride (salt), sucrose (sugar), acetic acid (vinegar), citric acid (lemons)
• Ash from an open camp fire
• Heat-proof trays and heat-proof dishes
• Birthday candles
• Matches
• Aluminium patty pans and pie dishes
• Aluminium foil
• Test tubes
• Digital camera
• Dowelling
• Electric drill
• Clean, empty chemical containers: cleaners, medicines, fuels, other containers carrying warnings
• Hazchem signs
• Nighties and pyjamas
• Smoke detectors
• Fire-safe home posters and brochures
• Examples of evacuation plans
• Fire awareness posters: such as, Get down low and Go Go Go
• Fire blankets
• Protective clothing belonging to glass blowers, steel workers, welders, fire fighters or others who wear special clothing to prevent them from being burnt
• Plastic and metal strips (cut from containers)
• Eye droppers
• Chemicals: petrol, kerosene, turpentine, paint stripper
• Aromatic oil
• Kitchen chemistry and detective work: water soluble felt tip pen, cartridge, blotting or filter paper, five pairs of shoes with patterned soles, five similar looking white powders (sugar, castor sugar, icing sugar, bicarbonate of soda, starch, flour, salt, plaster, cornflour, talcum powder), press-seal or freezer bags, magnifying glasses, black paper, glass containers, vinegar, iodine, bamboo skewers, paper towels, tongs, foil patty pans, teaspoons, ransom note, four hand writing samples, five fictional suspects.

• Range of materials to push, pull, squeeze and twist: twist-top jars, squeeze bottles, bicycle pumps, rubber bands, rubber balls, plasticine
• Marbles
• Drinking straws
• Forces measurers: rulers, strips of paper, weights or marbles, paperclips, thin rubber bands, string, plastic drinking cups
• Spring balances
• Cart or other small toy with wheels
• Weights
• Hooks
• String
• Rubber bands
• Small plastic buckets
• Magnifying glasses
• Different types of shoes: work and sports
• Bar magnets
• Magnetic items: paperclips, pins, nails
• Large iron nails (filed blunt)
• Globe of the world or large map of the world
• Directional compasses
• Nylon thread
• Bowls or ice-cream containers
• Aluminium foil
• Large rubbish bins
• Basketballs
• Cartesian divers: screw top plastic PET bottles, eye droppers, Plasticine.

• Range of materials to push, pull, squeeze and twist: twist-top jars, squeeze bottles, bicycle pumps, rubber bands, rubber balls, plasticine
• Marbles
• Drinking straws
• Forces measurers: rulers, strips of paper, weights or marbles, paperclips, thin rubber bands, string, plastic drinking cups
• Spring balances
• Cart or other small toy with wheels
• Weights
• Hooks
• String
• Rubber bands
• Small plastic buckets
• Magnifying glasses
• Different types of shoes: work and sports
• Bar magnets
• Magnetic items: paperclips, pins, nails
• Large iron nails (filed blunt)
• Globe of the world or large map of the world
• Directional compasses
• Nylon thread
• Bowls or ice-cream containers
• Aluminium foil
• Large rubbish bins
• Basketballs
• Cartesian divers: screw top plastic PET bottles, eye droppers, Plasticine.